Current Issue

  • Select all
    |
    Structural Analysis
  • Structural Analysis
    Parametric Analysis and Optimization of Partial Shear Connection on Steel-Concrete Composite Girder
    SU Hang, FU Jingbo, SU Qingtian
    2026, 42(2): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Two partial shear connection methods, namely by using rubber-sleeved stud connector and by increasing stud distance, can both reduce bonding degree between steel and concrete in composite girder. In response to the current lack of research comparing the effectiveness of the two partial shear connection methods, and the lack of optimization of parameter indicators used in the implementation process of the two methods, this article compares the effectiveness of using rubber-sleeved stud connector and increasing the stud distance by loading and analyzing four girder specimens. Nonlinear finite element models were established using ABAQUS, revealing the bending resistance of composite girder with partial shear connection. The influence of different parameters on the mechanical performance of composite girder with partial shear connection was analyzed, while key parameters in the design process of partial shear connection were optimized.
  • Structural Analysis
    Influencing Factors Analysis and Calculation of Post-Yield Stiffness Ratio for Buckling-Restrained Brace
    HU Dazhu, ZHANG Qingbo, QIAN Xiaohua
    2026, 42(2): 12-22. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0002
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Based on theoretical calculation formulas for the stiffness of buckling-restrained braces alongside existing experimental data, the primary factors affecting the post-yield stiffness ratio of buckling-restrained braces were identified. A test specimen of buckling-restrained brace with cross-sectional core plate was designed, and its hysteretic behavior was elucidated through experiment. The finite element model was subsequently validated against the test results. The impact of core plate material and the axial stiffness ratio between the core plate elastic segment and yielding segment on the post-yield stiffness of buckling-restrained braces were systematically examined through finite element analysis. The analytical results demonstrated that the material of the core plate have a substantial influence on the post-yield stiffness ratio of buckling-restrained brace. The post-yield stiffness ratio increases with the increase of elastic segment length and section area. And changing the length of the elastic segment has a greater impact on the post-yield stiffness ratio. Through comprehensive parameter analysis, predictive formulas have been derived for calculating the post-yield stiffness ratio of buckling-restrained braces with various core plate materials. These formulas are intended to aid engineering designers in their calculations and design processes.
  • Structural Analysis
    Analysis and Comparison of New Structural Systems for A Super High-rise Building in High Seismic Intensity Area
    WANG Chao, ZHANG Huali
    2026, 42(2): 23-33. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0003
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    For a 250 m super high-rise building located in a high seismic intensity area, three structural systems—namely mega-frame core-tube, frame-braced core-tube, and diagrid-braced core-tube—are adopted with reasonable layout designs. Appropriate seismic performance targets are set, and general structural analysis software YJK and MIDAS Gen are used for computational analysis, respectively. This achieves seismic performance-based design of the structure, supplemented by horizontal acceleration checks of the floors. The analysis shows that the frame-braced core-tube structure has the lightest mass, while the mega-frame core-tube structure is the heaviest. It is found that the diagrid-braced core-tube structure possesses the greatest spatial stiffness, the smallest lateral deformation, and the largest horizontal acceleration. For the mega-frame core-tube structure, stiffness and deformation in the vertical direction change abruptly at the mega-frame level, which restrains the overall lateral deformation. Regardless of the structural system adopted, the vertical positions of peak horizontal acceleration and maximum inter-story drift do not coincide, though their distribution patterns remain similar. Elastoplastic analysis is conducted using SAUSG, with checks on deformation, acceleration, internal forces, and energy dissipation parameters to evaluate the performance level of structural members. Areas with noticeable damage are identified to verify the reliability of the equivalent elastic design. The results indicate that slab damage is the least in the frame-braced core-tube structure, while core-tube damage is minimal in the diagrid-braced core-tube system. The equivalent damping ratio of core-tube strain energy is lowest in the diagrid-braced core-tube structure and highest in the mega-frame core-tube structure.
  • Structural Analysis
    Key Point Research on Design of Support Constraint System for Steel Truss Girder Bridge
    ZHAO Hongjiao, Xu Changze, Su Xiangya
    2026, 42(2): 34-40. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0004
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The constraint system of steel truss girder bridge support is different from that of traditional girder bridge structure, and the selection of its design scheme affects the size of the bridge substructure and the selection of supports. Combined with engineering examples, the influence of simply supported structure, continuous structure, two trusses, three trusses and other factors on the design of the support restraint system of steel truss girder bridges is analyzed, and the design countermeasures such as improving the horizontal bearing capacity of the support design and releasing the longitudinal slip restraint of the truss in the three trusses are proposed, which can provide reference for similar bridges.
  • Structural Analysis
    Study on Shading Effect of Trees on Solar Radiation in the Strain Monitoring of Masonry Structures
    WU Yunyu, TONG Jiaqi, YANG Bo, YANG Yingwu
    2026, 42(2): 41-50. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0005
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In recent years, in order to effectively deal with the occurrence of old house safety accidents, online health monitoring systems have been used more for house safety monitoring. At present, monitoring data is often disturbed by environmental factors and cannot accurately reflect the actual condition of the house. In order to accurately obtain the health monitoring data of old houses, this paper focuses on the impact of the shading effect of trees on solar radiation on the strain monitoring results of masonry structure houses. Firstly, through the comparative analysis of the monitoring data, the important influence of tree shading on the structural strain monitoring data is confirmed, and the finite element software COMSOL is used to simulate the structural strain change affected by temperature, which further verifies the conclusion. Then, the location, shape and impact time of tree shading were studied, and the actual effect of radiation attenuation on the monitoring data was quantitatively calculated. Finally, an analysis model considering the occlusion effect is established based on Python, and the effectiveness of the model is verified by comparing the results with the finite element model. The results indicate that the temperature at the shaded measurement points, after correction, is higher than that at the unshaded points, with a maximum difference of 7.5 ℃. Concurrently, the micro-strain difference reaches up to 21.6×10-6. The analysis methods and means in this paper can be used to calculate the tree shading effect in the strain monitoring of masonry buildings in different regions, and provide reference for the analysis of similar situations in housing health monitoring.
  • Structural Analysis
    Study on Redistribution and Interference Characteristics of Snow Caused by Wind on Leaf-Shaped Roofs
    AI Huilin, QI Pengfei
    2026, 42(2): 51-57. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0006
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Leaf-shaped roofs, known for their novel and varied forms, have been widely used in long-span spatial structures in recent years. However, their complex geometry poses certain challenges to the non-uniform distribution of snow loads. Using the Euler-Euler method and a single-phase wind-snow coupling approach, the wind-induced snow drift on multi-leaf building roofs under different wind directions was simulated with a numerical wind tunnel. The findings indicate that the wind-driven snow distribution on leaf-shaped roofs should consider not only the roof inclination but also the effect of roof surface irregularity. Snow on leaf-shaped roofs is predominantly subject to erosion, which is more pronounced on protruding portions and leaf tips. Meanwhile, concave areas may experience severe local snow accumulation; therefore, excessive concavity should be avoided in design. The snow distribution on multi-leaf roofs is significantly influenced by mutual interference among the leaf units. Such interference impacts snow accumulation patterns： interference from lower roofs mainly concentrates on the windward edge of the sheltered roof, whereas interference from higher roofs primarily affects the overall snow distribution coefficient, typically inducing variations of about 20%.
    • Earthquake and Wind Resistance
  • Earthquake and Wind Resistance
    Seismic Performance Study of a New Self-Centering Torsion-Adaptable Bridge Pier
    JIAO Chiyu, LI Luning, CAO Yue, LIU Wenbo
    2026, 42(2): 58-68. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0007
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To address the issue of plastic damage in fixed piers under coupled loading conditions （such as combined axial compression, bending, and torsion） in small-radius curved bridges, which is difficult to repair, a novel torsion-adaptable prestressed concrete self-centering pier is proposed. Based on ABAQUS, a numerical model of the pier was established and validated for reliability. A torsion-adaptable crawler-type metallic damper was designed as the energy-dissipating component. The mechanical behavior of the single pier under axial compression-bending and axial compression-bending-torsion coupled loading conditions was investigated. The effects of key parameters, including the steel plate thickness of the crawler-type damper, the curvature radius of the arc segment, and the axial compression ratio of the pier, were studied. The influence of these parameters on the seismic performance of the structure was analyzed from an energy perspective. The results demonstrate that the crawler-type damper exhibits excellent energy dissipation capacity and plastic deformation ability, making it a suitable energy-dissipating component for torsion-adaptable self-centering piers. It maintains stable performance under extreme conditions, avoiding rapid load-bearing capacity degradation and severe damage. Furthermore, under torsional loading, the novel self-centering pier shows improved load-bearing capacity and adaptability. Although the load-bearing capacity decreases, it retains a certain level of energy dissipation capability. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for the design of small-radius curved bridges.
  • Earthquake and Wind Resistance
    Prediction of Seismic Response for Self-Centering Braced Steel Frames Based on LSTM
    SHI Jiaqi, WANG Wei, HU Shuling, ZHANG Ruibin
    2026, 42(2): 69-82. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0008
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To predict the response of self-centering braced steel frame structures under seismic loading, this paper employs a deep learning algorithm to construct a Long Short-Term Memory （LSTM） neural network model. This model establishes a nonlinear mapping relationship between input seismic acceleration and output structure seismic drift responses, exploring the effects of data window-size and dataset splitting ratios on the predictive performance of the model. The research findings indicate that the proposed LSTM neural network model demonstrates robust predictive capabilities, particularly in predicting the roof drift of the structure, achieving a peak relative error of 2.36% and a correlation coefficient of 0.94. Increasing the data window-size appropriately can still accurately predict both the roof drift and residual inter-story drift of the structure while enhancing prediction efficiency, without significantly altering the peak phase distribution of the predicted responses. For scenarios with limited sample sizes, when the known dataset splitting ratio falls within the range of 2∶1 to 3∶1, the model exhibits satisfactory overall predictive performance. When the training and validation sets adequately cover various time-step types, the model's overall generalization ability is effectively improved. However, it displays slightly less sensitivity to micro-data.
  • Earthquake and Wind Resistance
    Analysis of Damping Effect on an Elevated Corridor of Dynamic Interaction between Units of a Multi-Tower Connecting Structure
    SUN Chunli, HUANG Yuan, WANG Guocheng, HAN Chongqing
    2026, 42(2): 83-92. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0009
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The elevated corridor with grounding frame columns in a multi-tower connected structure is characterized by its large scale, considerable overhead height, and complex geometry. It is connected to the surrounding towers by means of energy-dissipating elements. The seismic action on the elevated corridor is shared by the grounding frame columns and the adjacent towers, which makes it challenging to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of the surrounding towers to the vibration control of the corridor. In this study, a dynamic elasto-plastic time history analysis was conducted on the actual structure. The time-history responses of the energy-dissipating elements were extracted, and the time-history responses of dynamic interactions between components were obtained through summation, thereby clarifying the distribution proportion of seismic action among the surrounding towers. The results indicate that the peak dynamic interaction forces for each tower occur at different times, exhibiting a non-synchronous characteristic. Moreover, when the seismic action on the elevated corridor reaches its peak, the dynamic interaction between the surrounding towers and the corridor remains below its maximum value even when both are in the same direction. Additionally, due to the incorporation of energy-dissipating elements, only 34.2% of the longitudinal seismic action and 40.6% of the transverse seismic action are resisted by the grounding frame columns of the elevated corridor, demonstrating that such installation helps reduce the seismic response of the structure.
  • Earthquake and Wind Resistance
    Analysis of Seismic Responses of Multi-Support Earthquake Excitation on Highway Bridge Reconstruction in Reservoir Area
    YU Xiyao, HUANG Xiaoyong, WANG Ning, JU Bingzhao, ZHANG Yubin
    2026, 42(2): 93-101. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0010
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Taking the Mishi Reservoir Project in Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan Province,Traffic Reconstruction Road Luobo Bridge, as the engineering background, a spatial truss model of a high pier and large-span continuous rigid frame bridge is established, and seismic design calculations are carried out according to the multi modal response spectrum and time history analysis methods. The time history analysis method focuses on considering both consistent and multi-point excitations, and provides a detailed analysis and comparison of various calculation methods to obtain the seismic responses of bridges. Calculations results show that the smaller the shear wave velocity, the greater the difference between the calculated internal forces and displacements of key sections in large-span continuous rigid frame bridges considering multi-point excitation and consistent excitation. The application of multi-point excitation in seismic design can provide a deeper and more realistic understanding of the stress state of bridges under multi-point seismic motion.
  • Earthquake and Wind Resistance
    Numerical Analysis of Forced Excitation and Determination of Boundary Parameters for Long-Span Bridges
    WU Xiangyang, GUAN Hua, XU Zuen, LI Wenbin, XIE Ruihong, CUI Wei
    2026, 42(2): 102-109. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0011
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In the wind resistance design of bridges, vibration excitation testing serves as an important means to identify modal parameters and mitigate bridge vibrations. Using finite element analysis software, the vertical bending steady-state response was calculated for a suspension bridge with a main span of 1650 meters and a cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 700 meters. The modal participation of different fundamental mode shapes was computed via the least squares method. The influence of different vertical loading amplitudes, loading frequencies, and loading positions on the maximum displacement and overall mode shape of the time-history response was also examined. The analysis indicates that the loading force exhibits a linear correlation with the maximum displacement of the time-history response, while it has no significant effect on the participation of each mode shape in the overall response. Regarding the loading frequency, when it coincides with the natural frequency of a certain fundamental mode of the bridge （resonance condition）, the modal participation corresponding to the excitation frequency becomes dominant, and the time-history response displacement is large. A slight shift in frequency leads to a sharp decrease in both the modal participation and the time-history response corresponding to the excitation frequency. As for the loading position, the modal participation and time-history response displacement of the dominant mode shape are positively correlated with the relative displacement of that dominant mode shape at the loading point.
    • Foundation
  • Foundation
    Calculation Method for Pile Top Loads of Irregular Pile Group Foundation with Multiple Pile Diameters
    YOU Jianhua, WANG Shuai, LAI Guoliang, LIAO Ji, CHEN Xianming
    2026, 42(2): 110-117. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0012
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Sharing the construction of equipment foundations （such as tower crane foundations） with the permanent engineering foundation is an economical construction method. This approach has led to the increased use of irregular pile group foundations featuring multiple pile diameters and irregular layouts. In this paper, a formula is proposed for calculating pile top loads in such irregular, multi-diameter pile groups, taking load eccentricity into account. The method is verified and analyzed through error comparison with three sets of ABAQUS finite element simulations based on an actual engineering case. The results show that the calculation method for pile group foundations specified in the current standard is a special case of the method proposed here, which has a broader application scope. The average error of the proposed method is 5.88%, compared to 18.38% for the existing standard method, sufficiently verifying the accuracy of the new formula. When applying the proposed method in engineering design, a safety factor ranging from 1.0 to 1.2 is recommended, determined according to the project's importance and the direction of force. This ensures both safety and economy, avoiding unnecessary overdesign. Additionally, the formula shows poorer adaptability to foundations subject to significant torsion or with very large pile cap areas.
  • Foundation
    Numerical Simulation of Surface Subsidence Rates in Plains Areas Combining Subsidence Monitoring with Leveling Surveys
    LÜ Yaobin, LI Jinyuan
    2026, 42(2): 118-124. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.20251225.001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Based on settlement monitoring and leveling survey data, numerical simulation is used to calculate the settlement rate of the plain surface, which is essential for evaluating the severity of surface subsidence and predicting future settlement trends. According to the actual conditions of the study area, the assumptions for establishing the numerical simulation model are clearly defined. Multiple surface monitoring points are determined using settlement observation data, and elevation benchmarks are set up through leveling monitoring to establish a leveling control network, thereby obtaining more accurate data. Surface soil layer parameters, groundwater parameters, and building material parameters were configured to accurately calculate various surface loads, including wind loads, live loads, and seismic loads. Displacement boundaries and pore water pressure boundaries were defined for the model. Using Processing Modflow software, a numerical model for the plain surface settlement rate was developed. The model was meshed, corresponding numerical solution parameters were set, and the model was solved. Experimental results show that the horizontal displacement values of the plain surface over a 10-day period deviate from actual values by a maximum of only 0.01 mm. At the same time, the numerical simulation results of surface stress at multiple monitoring points align closely with the actual stress values. This indicates that the numerical simulation model for plain surface settlement rate has excellent data fitting capability, accurately capturing surface settlement and stress variations. This provides a reliable theoretical basis for scientifically effective monitoring and prediction of ground subsidence, thereby enriching the technical framework for geological environment monitoring.
  • Foundation
    Deformation Characteristics Analyses of OWT Bucket Foundation Considering Small Strain Stiffness of Soils
    GAO Peng, HE Ben, DAI Xinjun, SHI Zhenhao
    2026, 42(2): 125-134. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.20251110.001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The operation of offshore wind turbines imposes strict requirements on foundation deformation. Hence, the stiffness degradation characteristics of soils at small strains can significantly influence foundation deformation and the in-service performance of offshore wind turbines. The bucket foundation represents an important type of foundation used for offshore wind turbines. However, research on the influence of small-strain soil stiffness on the deformation behavior of bucket foundations remains limited. To address this, a numerical model based on the Hardening Soil Model with Small Strain Stiffness （HSS） is established in this paper to analyze the deformation response of bucket foundations. The model is validated against centrifuge model tests and field tests for typical clayey and sandy seabeds. Using this numerical model, the influence of small-strain stiffness characteristics of soils on the deformation response of bucket foundations is investigated. The results indicate that the load-displacement relationship of the foundation exhibits significant nonlinearity under small displacements. The initial shear modulus G0 and the characteristic shear strain γ0.7 govern the initial foundation stiffness and the rate of stiffness degradation with displacement, respectively. Even at large displacements, the bearing capacity response of the foundation is notably affected by small-strain stiffness parameters： doubling the initial shear modulus and the characteristic shear strain can alter the ultimate bearing capacity by approximately 10%-25%.
  • Foundation
    Influence Coefficient Method for Underground Exterior Wall Design under Complex Boundary Conditions
    WANG Hong, ZHANG Xuwei, GU Yuelin
    2026, 42(2): 135-144. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0015
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The exterior walls of underground structures primarily bear lateral loads from water and soil. In engineering practice, simplified boundary conditions are often used to analyze the stress state of the exterior walls. However, the results are not sufficiently accurate. Although finite element analysis （FEA） can provide more accurate results, it is often associated with complex modeling and low computational efficiency. This paper, based on the ABAQUS finite element method, identifies the key boundary conditions that affect the stress state of the exterior walls. A local three-dimensional model incorporating these boundary conditions is established, to analyze the influence of various complex boundary conditions （such as the roof and floor slabs of the underground structure, lateral supports of the exterior walls, and openings in the roof slab）. By comparing the the moment distribution curves of the exterior walls under simplified and complex boundary conditions, a table of influence coefficients for the moment characteristic points of the exterior walls under various complex boundary conditions （such as the maximum negative moment at the bottom and the maximum positive moment at the middle） is compiled. This study explores a simple and practical design method for engineering applications that yields relatively accurate results—the influence coefficient method.
    • Strengthening and Retrofitting of Structures
  • Strengthening and Retrofitting of Structures
    Seismic Strengthen Design and Analysis of A Masonry-RC Frame Composite Structure by Using Energy-Dissipation Technology
    ZHOU Bin, YANG Kai
    2026, 42(2): 145-154. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0016
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A masonry and RC frame mixed structure was built in 1982. The original building was originally designed as an office building and it would be converted to be a kindergarten. The seismic fortification category is adjusted from Category C to Category B. Firstly, the strengthened method of “structural system adjustment and energy dissipation” was presented in this paper. Local masonry structure was changed to be a frame structure. The energy dissipation technologies with buckling-restrained brace（BRB） and viscous fluid damping wall （VFD） were used in this project. Secondly, For the comparision of the seismic performance before and after the retrofit, the nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis was adopted by SAP2000 and PERFORM-3D. Through the analysis of calculation results, the seismic performance of this structure was significantly improved. It meets the requirements of performance level 4 in Technical Specification for Seismic Energy Dissipation of Buildings. Finally, compared to the traditional strengthen method, the energy-dissipation technology presented in this paper can reduce the strengthen quantity, the project cost and the construction period. Meanwhile, secondary damage to existing structural components can be reduced.
  • Strengthening and Retrofitting of Structures
    Parametric Study on Flexural Behavior of Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Beam Strengthened by External CFRP Bars
    HE Yuqiang, XIAO Zhiming, LUO Chengwei, LIU Qian
    2026, 42(2): 155-164. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0017
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In this paper, a finite element model for the prestressed reinforced concrete beam strengthened by CFRP bars is developed utilizing ABAQUS software, based on a railway bridge and a scaled bending property test of external CFRP bars to strengthen prestressed reinforced concrete beam. The reliability of the FE model is verified by comparing it with the test results. The validated model is used to study the influence of various factors on the reinforcement effect such as prestress level, diameter, the number and position of steering blocks. The results indicate that the bearing capacity and stiffness for the prestressed reinforced concrete beam strengthened by external CFRP bars are significantly improved. With an increase in the prestress level and diameter of CFRP bars, the reinforcement gets enhanced. However, the position and number of steering blocks have minimal influence. The research findings can provide practical reference for the reinforcement of deteriorated prestressed reinforced concrete bridges.
  • Strengthening and Retrofitting of Structures
    Experimental Study on the Performance of FRP Grid/MMA Resin Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Low Temperatures
    YAN Jingpeng, ZHOU Bing, JIN Huan, HAN Xiaokang, SUN Yu, WANG Wenwei
    2026, 42(2): 165-176. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0018
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To investigate the effectiveness of resin concrete in reinforcing and repairing reinforced concrete beams under low-temperature conditions, epoxy resin concrete was used as a reference to study the curing time and compressive strength of MMA resin concrete at different temperatures. Subsequently, FRP grids were combined with resin concrete for uniaxial tensile performance tests to obtain the failure modes and stress-strain relationship curves of different resin concretes. Finally, in a -5 ℃ environment, FRP grids and MTP400 resin concrete were employed to composite-reinforce reinforced concrete beams, conducting flexural performance tests. A finite element analysis model of the reinforced beams was established to simulate and analyze the mechanical performance of the reinforced concrete beams.The research results indicate that the tensile strength of MTP400 resin concrete and hybrid resin concrete increased by 52.4% and 61.9%, respectively, compared to epoxy resin concrete. The ultimate load of the reinforced beams with FRP grids and MTP400 resin concrete composite showed a significant improvement, increasing by 57.3% relative to the control beams. Furthermore, the simulation values of the finite element model matched well with the experimental values, demonstrating its effectiveness in predicting the mechanical performance of concrete beams after composite reinforcement.
  • Strengthening and Retrofitting of Structures
    Study on Damage Features of Exterior Wall Cladding of Residential Buildings-a Case Study of Residential Buildings in Southwest China
    PU Ziju, GENG Guanghui, LU Wensheng, ZHANG Ming
    2026, 42(2): 177-186. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.20250110.001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    During the service period of residential exterior wall cladding （EWC）, various categories of damage often occur, which affects the appearance and service life of the building, and may even lead to safety accidents in serious cases. In this paper, the on-site diagnostic investigation to 124 exterior walls of 31 residential buildings in a residential community in southwest China was carried out to explore the distribution features, damage types, damage ratings and causes of damage of the EWC. The results show that the damage of EWC is mainly aesthetically damaged, among which the surface leakage, alkali seepage, dirt or weathering deposition phenomena occur most frequently, the overall damage of the EWC increases with the increase of service duration; the average damage rate of the EWC facing to south is low, while the damages of the EWC to other orientations are relatively serious. The research results can provide a reference for the safety and function assessment, repair and reinforcement of building exterior walls.
    • Study of Design Method
  • Study of Design Method
    Tensile Isolation Design and Seismic Performance Analysis of A Primary School Building in Area with Seismic Intensity of 9
    WANG Xia, DONG Mingming, DENG Xiaoqin, PEI Zhiyong, WEI Lingxin, FANG Huolang
    2026, 42(2): 187-197. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0020
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In high seismicity regions, the intensity and frequency of earthquakes often exceed conventional expectations, imposing more stringent and comprehensive requirements on the seismic and isolation design of building structures. When rubber isolation bearings are used alone for base isolation, their low tensile capacity can become a limiting factor. This study focuses on the base-isolation design of an irregular primary school teaching building located in a seismic intensity zone of 9-degree, utilizing a combined system of rubber isolation bearings and tensile devices. Seismic response analyses of both the non-isolated and isolated structures were performed using ETABS software. The seismic response characteristics and performance indices of the isolation layer and the superstructure under both fortification-level and rare earthquakes were investigated. The results indicate that rubber isolation bearings effectively reduce the seismic impact on the superstructure; the tensile devices provide supplemental tensile strength, thereby addressing the issue of low tensile performance. Under rare earthquakes, the performance indices of both the isolation layer and the superstructure are controlled within the limits specified in relevant codes, demonstrating satisfactory isolation effectiveness. Therefore, the combination of rubber isolation bearings and tensile devices offers an effective solution for the base-isolation design of teaching buildings in high seismicity regions.
  • Study of Design Method
    Seismic Performance-Based Design and Analysis of a High-Rise Building Structure with a Strong Connected Steel Corridor
    WANG Hongjun, TAO Zhixiong, TANG Mingsheng, LI Ling
    2026, 42(2): 198-208. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0021
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The high-rise structure with a strongly connected steel corridor comprises five above-ground floors and one underground floor, with a building height of 26.2 m, and adopts a frame-shear wall structural system. The structure exhibits three types of irregularity： torsional irregularity, discontinuous floors, and discontinuous structural components, thereby categorizing it as an out-of-code irregular building. Corresponding strengthening measures have been implemented to address these irregularities. To ensure the rationality of the structural design, elastic response spectrum analysis under frequent earthquakes and wind loads, elastic time-history analysis under frequent earthquakes, equivalent elastic analysis under fortification-level and rare earthquakes, and elasto-plastic time-history analysis under rare earthquakes were carried out using YJK, MIDAS Building, and SAUSAGE software. This paper focuses on the configuration of the strong connection as the key component, detailing measures to ensure coordinated deformation between the towers and to mitigate the effect of sudden stiffness changes induced by the strong connection. Specialized analyses were also conducted to ensure the safety of the strongly connected steel corridor. The results demonstrate that, after implementing the corresponding strengthening measures, all structural performance indices satisfy the code requirements, meeting the expected seismic performance objectives.
  • Study of Design Method
    Synergistic Analysis and Design of Large-Span Complex Steel Roof with Supporting Structure
    PEI Yulei, LIU Jian
    2026, 42(2): 209-219. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0022
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Taking the Phase II project of the Hainan International Convention and Exhibition Center as a case study, the complex hybrid structure, which consists of a large-span spatial grid and its supporting structural system, is analyzed using both a simplified roof model and an integrated model that accounts for composite interaction. This paper outlines the architectural and structural design features of the project, explains the modeling principles for the simplified roof computational model and the development process of the integrated model, and compares the results from both approaches. Special attention is given to investigating the causes of discrepancies between the models, with corresponding design recommendations proposed for such structural systems. The results indicate that： determining the elastic support stiffness in the simplified roof model by calculating the lateral stiffness of the supporting structure is feasible, though incomplete simulation of the supporting system’s behavior may lead to deviations in member stresses; the collaborative design method employing multiple software tools proves efficient and practical; and the second-stage full-stress optimization based on the integrated model yields outcomes that are both economical and reliable. The design experience and findings presented herein can provide a useful reference for the design of similar large-span complex steel roof structures.
  • Study of Design Method
    Discussion on Key Issues in the Structural Design of a Dragon Boat Racing Center
    ZENG Hongchao, YANG Chengchao, YU Changxiong, WU Xinyi, WANG Chao, LIU Yincen
    2026, 42(2): 220-227. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0023
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The placement of structural columns in public buildings is often restricted at certain locations, which plays a critical role in the selection and analysis of structural layout schemes. Taking a dragon boat racing center as an example, this paper introduces the basic project overview and structural selection, followed by an analysis and discussion of key design issues. The results indicate that, in coordination with architectural design objectives, the force transmission path can be effectively optimized by reasonably arranging inclined columns with steel tie rods, scientifically designing the foundations and footings of inclined columns, and adopting measures such as installing steel supports at suitable locations. Through integrated modeling calculations, comparative analysis using multiple software tools, and finite element analysis of key nodes, the stress and deformation of structural components are effectively controlled. Combined with appropriate strengthening measures, structural reliability is ensured.
  • Study of Design Method
    Structure Design of Baoji Astronomy Museum
    WANG Xiangfeng, ZENG Jing
    2026, 42(2): 228-234. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.202602.0024
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Baoji Astronomy Museum, located in seismic intensity 8 zone, adopts a ring-shaped long-span suspension structure with only two core tubes supporting the entire building. The inner-ring arc vierendeel trusses and the spiral outer-envelope spatial trusses are suspended between the core tubes, creating a "floating" architectural effect, resulting in complex structural forces. This study focuses on the mechanical behavior of the inner-ring large-span arc vierendeel trusses and differences from linear structures, the behavior of the spiral outer-envelope structure, the composite action between the floor structures and the inner/outer ring structures, the connection details between the trusses and the core tubes, and the design solutions for tensile wall limbs in core tubes. The results indicate that the structure exhibits distinct spatial integral mechanical behavior, which is quite different from conventional structures. The design and research can provide references for similar projects.