现行结构设计标准中的梁挠度控制是为了保证建筑的正常使用功能,而既有结构可靠性评定中的挠度限值和结构健康监测中的挠度预警值尚有控制结构构件安全性的目的。以结构构件安全性控制为目标,建立了梁挠跨比与钢筋最大拉应变的理论关系式,并研究了梁的受力特征系数、截面中和轴高度系数和长期挠度增长系数的计算方法与取值建议。采用试验数据对梁挠度-钢筋最大拉应变关系进行了验证,结果表明,提出的短期荷载作用下的挠跨比综合系数的精度符合工程计算要求。建立了钢筋最大拉应变的分级控制方法,并据此提出了梁挠跨比的分级限值。与现行标准中的挠度限值进行比较,结果表明,建议的挠度限值根据梁的具体特征不同而有明显不同,比现行标准的限值范围更宽,较多情况下更加严格。研究成果可为既有结构可靠性评定和结构健康监测提供参考。
Abstract
The beam deflection control in current structural design standards is to ensure the serviceability function of the building, while the deflection limit value in the reliability assessment of existing structures and the deflection early warning value in structural health monitoring also have the purpose of controlling the safety of structural members. Aiming at the safety control of structural members, this paper established a theoretical relationship between the deflection to span ratio of beams and the maximum tensile strain of steel bars,and the calculation methods and recommended values of the mechanics characteristic coefficient, the section neutral axis height coefficient and the long-term deflection growth coefficient of the beams were studied. The relationship between beam deflection and maximum tensile strain of steel bars was verified by the experimental data, which showed that the accuracy of the comprehensive coefficient of the deflection to span ratio proposed in this paper meets the requirements of engineering calculation. The graded control method of maximum tensile strain of steel bars was established, and the graded limit of deflection to span ratio of beams was proposed accordingly. Compared with the deflection limits in current standards, the results showed that the deflection limits proposed in this paper are significantly different according to the specific characteristics of the beams. The range of the deflection limits is wider and more stringent than the current standards. The research findings in this paper can provide references for reliability assessment of existing structures and structural health monitoring.
关键词
钢筋混凝土梁 /
挠度 /
挠跨比 /
钢筋拉应变 /
安全性 /
正常使用性
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Key words
reinforced concrete beams /
deflection /
deflection to span ratio /
tensile strain of steel bars /
safety /
serviceability
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脚注
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基金
国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0806100）; 上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目（22DZ1203600）
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